Primary preventive programs have grown in importance in reducing the effects of chronic diseases on individuals, institutions, and communities. Many initiatives have been designed and executed to promote the function of primary prevention programs in communities all around the world. Consider a school setting where programs have been designed to lower the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. Yet, because these programs are not assessed using scientific methodologies, they frequently lose a vital aspect in their evidence-base and are ineffective. On this note, there is a need to employ scientific evidence based researches to have much more efficient results that can be used in other different settings. There is also need to have a group of motivated and experienced actors in the research and study as it would help with the identification of the problem and form accurate perceptions on the target groups and the chronic diseases being considered. There are various classification techniques that have been identified and listed in a hierarchical manner based on the evidence levels to assess the degrees of the clear signs by a standardized criterion.
But before addressing the different aspects of the implementation, development, and the evaluation of the primary prevention programs, it is important to differentiate primary prevention from the concept of health promotion. The idea on hand is that Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases and disease and also targets defined health issues like obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Prevention programs are intended to reducing modifiable risk factors and considers a given outcomes about the diseases that are being investigated. On the other hand, health promotion is concerned with the general approach intended to build the necessary supportive structures aimed at empowering personal resources in a much broader sense. Health promotion presents a more dynamic and holistic approach to find an epidemiological proof needed for the effective health promotion analysis of a specific diseases. The study will be evaluating the primary prevention and health promotion for hypertension as a chronic disease that affects countless of individuals.
Nursing Diagnosis
The identification of very specific subpopulations for specified interventions is the first step in the development of a much more efficient prevention program. There is, however, a need to have a criterion to choose the target population that is affected by a chronic disease and therefore there is also a need for a feasibility study to reach this goal population more efficiently. The intervention is also an important aspect of the study to act on and should be an evidence-based strategy to allow for a full on a feasibility study into the primary intervention and health promotion of hypertension.
High blood pressure is explained as a constant systolic blood pressure, which is greater than 140 mm Hg, in the case of a diastolic blood pressure; it is diagnosed to be greater than 90mm Hg and should be treated using antihypertensive drugs. There are different contributing factors that allow for the development of hypertension in an individual and include cases of cardiovascular risk factors and coupled with ethnic differences and socioeconomic conditions. It is a condition that is termed to be asymptomatic, and hence the individuals who remain undiagnosed stand the risk of having more problems when they are not treated in time. This is the reason for having a countermeasure and prevention intervention for the case of hypertension.
The risk for the decrease of cardiac output is increased through after load when there is no myocardial ischemia and vasoconstriction. There are expected outcomes that come from the nursing diagnosis. They include:
The maintenance of blood pressure in an acceptable range that can be viewed as a way of ensuring that the patient is not at risk.
The patient shows a stable frequency and cardiac rhythm
The patients also have to participate in activities that are supposed to lower the blood pressure.
Readiness for Learning
It is important to have a good work plan for an effective learning outcome from the target group. It is, therefore, important to address how important it is to participate in the preventive program and this case for the Hypertension target group. The target group in the study would need to be educated about the importance of living healthier lives and also to get a regular check-up to diagnose the case of hypertension in the community.
Most of the learning group would not be willing to learn due to the lack of understanding of the risks of acquiring the disease as a problem and how bad it is to them (Lewis et al., 2008). This would be a big issue for the learning outcome of the study and as a prevention measure to reduce cases of hypertension in the individuals. A diagnose would be important to tell whether the individual has high blood pressure as it does not show any symptoms and is very deadly when it remain untreated with the antihypertensive drugs. Learning in this particular case would need for there to be a strong case for how important the preventative options are for the prevention of high blood pressure. The primary prevention care would need to be introduced so as the learning group can follow the prevention program.
Learning Theory to Be Utilized
The overall goal of the learning outcome is to have a lowered B.P for the patients and the education group. This is the primary focus for the health care providers. Primary prevention of high blood pressure is aimed at interrupting the costly cycle of the detection and treatment of hypertension and the consequences that come from it. The prevention of hypertension is achieved through different interventions that are meant to reduce the blood pressure of the individuals (Rose, 1992). The approach helps transform the way that people handle the case of hypertension and facilitate a downward shift when it comes to the distribution of BP. The theory to be used in this program is going to be the population strategy. It is an approach that is supposed to help reduce the cases of hypertension in communities and contribute to reducing the optimal risks levels for acquiring hypertension among individuals. This strategy is mostly targeted at people who have a high case of hypertension and also have a family history of the condition as well. Intervention programs indicate the healthier lifestyles that individuals are supposed to employ to reduce the chances of suffering from hypertension. There will be maximum benefit from the intervention programs when this approach is applied to the community health program plan.
Goals
The HP2020 goal is for the cardiovascular quality of life and health is through detection, treatment, and prevention of the risk factors for hypertension and heart attack. The early identification of the condition allows for the prevention of the cardiovascular events and also the repetition of these developments. It also helps reduce the cases of deaths that result from cases of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. It is, therefore, important to reduce the number of individuals suffering from hypertension according to the HP2020 goals and objectives. The development of intensive prevention programs around the country will help neutralize this issue of hypertension and reduce the prevalence of the disease. It needs to be well programmed and well utilized to realize the desired goals of the teaching of communities towards changing their lifestyles to support a healthier one. It is through this that the teaching goals can be translated into useful applications, which would be necessary if the teaching practices of the nursing industry would be executed in the right way. It is through the use of essential elements in the learning outcomes and strategic approaches in the primary interventions that we achieve the desired goals.
Alma Ata's worldwide initiatives about the globalization of health identify barriers such as the health issues that cannot be separated from one country. The large health disparities in various countries seem o be very harmful to each and everyone. Better health care and prevention programs in every country should be a top priority and should be taken into consideration for different diseases and how they can be prevented and reduce the death rates. It is for this reason that cases of hypertension also needs to be analyzed and prevention programs implemented to ensure that they are reduced in communities.
References
Rose G. (1992). The strategy of preventive medicine. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Lewis et al., (2008). Mastering Public Health. A postgraduate guide to examinations and revalidation. Royal Society of Medicine press.
