Essays on Medieval Europe

Burke s Beliefs on Liberty and the Role of the Monarchy Burke posits some of his beliefs about the nature of liberty, the nature of the state, and how the two relate in Reflections on the Revolution in France. The publication by Edmund Burke in 1790 was intended to be an...

The Spanish Armada The Spanish armada was sent by the King of Spain, Philip II, to invade England and restore Catholicism. Queen Elizabeth I had renounced her Roman Catholic faith, and many of her subjects were Protestant. The Protestant Church of England had broken away from the Catholic Church years earlier...

Genghis Khan: The Great Conqueror and LeaderGenghis Khan was one of the greatest conquerors of history. He was also a great leader, organizer, and diplomat. He founded the Mongol empire which stretched from Asia to Europe. He was known for his ruthless and brutal attacks on his enemies. However, he...

The French Revolution (2008) The French Revolution (2008), which was retrieved from the French National Archive, should be utilized as the primary source of reference. Due to the historic French Revolution, which resulted in the abolition of the French ruling class, the period from 1789 to 1794 is one of the...

Italy is regarded as the birthplace of Western civilization and a cultural superpower (Manzi, p.65). The European Integration, the Risorgimento, the Renaissance, the Roman Catholic ecclesiastical system, the Roman Empire, and Magna Graecia all had their origins in Italy. Throughout its history, the nation has produced a staggering number of...

Italian Revolutionaries of the 19th Century and the Risorgimento MovementItalian revolutionaries of the 19th century were part of the Risorgimento movement, which translates as "rising again." Italian nobility exploited the movement to overthrow foreign rulers and unite the peninsula under a single authority. While other cultures practiced a hyper-individualistic kind...

In terms of art, romanticism has always been a reflection of the historical intellectual materialism in society. It sparked a rebellion against social norms as well as warm feelings, a vivid imagination, and freedom from other types of art. It can be seen in writing, poetry, music, artwork, and even criticism....

A staple of the Romantic Movement is The Raft of the Medusa Theodore Gericault painted it while he was only twenty-seven years old. The incident scandalized Gericault and other French citizens, and he sought to make an artistic statement that would forever represent it. But he chose the most dramatic part—when,...

In the midst of the French Revolution, Jacques David studied in Italy after being born in Paris. He was a well-known advocate for the French Revolution, which solidified his rule over art under the French Republic. David was a staunch supporter of the French Revolution from the beginning, especially following...

The Renaissance-era philosophy of humanism The Renaissance-era philosophy of humanism emerged not as a modern way of interpreting metaphysical understanding, but as a source of new knowledge and a new area. Humanism, by contrast, is based on the ideology that, rather than attributing social problems to a spiritual entity or external...

The Romanticism era, which began in the early 1800s, ushered in a period of wars and revolutions. This period was interpreted by artists as one of intense emotions and thoughts. They emphasize the expressions of their art subjects to convey specific feelings. The musicians were distrustful of humans and believed...

Leonardo da Vinci is an excellent artist of all time who rose to prominence during the High Renaissance era due to the development of his great artworks. He created the most replicated religious artwork, the Last Supper, as well as his most well-known painting, the Mona Lisa. Leonardo became Italy's...