The ethical dilemma is characterized as a complex situation and circumstance that requires a disagreement between mental and moral imperatives in which one decision to comply results in the breach of another. Pollack described the 5-step method of rational reasoning that is used to overcome the ethical problem, which involves the following steps:Determine the facts: an ethical dilemma requires a clash of thoughts and principles to solve the problem (McBride 2016). It puts a person in a tight spot where he or she has to make critical decisions. This move allows the individual to have all the information to make the correct decision.The events do not include probabilities, future predictions, and suppositions.Identify the relevant concepts and values: it is important to determine the values and ideas of each party that might be of interest in the decision-making process (McBride 2016). Primarily, different parties have different values and ideas values, and it is important to consider both sides concepts and values.Identify the possible dilemmas for parties involved in the dilemma: the aim of this step is to help identify and see that sometimes people ethical and moral dilemmas are caused by the actions of other individuals (McBride 2016). For example, when a police officer is faced with a moral dilemma of wrongdoing to a fellow officer then it is a direct result of the officer making the wrong decision.The fourth step is to decide the immediate ethical and moral issue that faces the individuals. This involves the behavioral choice and not an opinion of the situation. For example, the moral and ethical dilemma of whether abortion is right is different from moral and ethical dilemma if an individual should have an abortion when she gets pregnant. Primarily, one situation affects the other, but they are different issues.Resolve the moral or ethical dilemma. The final step is to solve the ethical or moral dilemma. It calls for incorporation of the above measures in solving the problem.Eight ethical systemsThe eight moral systems by Pollack include:The ethics of virtue: it is an approach to ethics that mainly emphasizes on individual character as the primary element in moral thinking rather than the use of rules about the consequences and acts themselves (McBride 2016).Natural law: it is mainly based on morality, and it relates to what is good and bad and right and wrong. Under this ethical system, human laws are defined by morality (McBride 2016).Religion: it is a common basis for the moral system, but people have different opinions on what real religion is. Primarily, most of the principles of religion are based on revelation rather than logic.Ethical formalism: under this moral system good will is the main thing that is intrinsically goo and duty is a required behavior.Utilitarianism: Under this system of ethic, the action’s molarity influences and depends on how much it contributes to the good of the society.Ethics of care: Its states that people mainly develop moral virtues through practice (McBride 2016). The more an individual practices moral virtues, the more victorious he or she becomes.Egoism: The concepts state that what benefits an individual is right and correct regardless of its effect on other people.Relativism: the moral systems are products of a group or individual. Bad and good mainly depends on the particular situation.
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