The experiment in the research looks at how vaccinations have significantly improved health over the past century. However, the authors of this paper emphasize that the issues with vaccination programs are what prevents parents and medical professionals from understanding them. The value of risk reduction and health gains, avoided health care expenses, and other exceptional health advantages are further highlighted by the authors, outcome-related output gains, behavior-related efficiency
gains, community health externalities, and the value of risk reduction and pure health gains. The author Bärnighausen has worked in Department of Global Health and Population, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston. Apparently, this article is relevant to support the thesis statement because it talks concerning how vaccination has led to exceptional health benefits.
Gesser-Edelsburg, A., Shir-Raz, Y., & Green, M. S. (2016). Why do parents who usually vaccinate their children hesitate or refuse? General good vs. individual risk. Journal of Risk Research, 19(4), 405-424.This article explores the works of several authors highlighting the challenges faced when structuring and framing the topic of vaccination as a preventive measure, specifically when the intention of the prevention programs is for the whole society and the children. Consequently, the findings of this research are imperative because they offer and provide an indication into a situation, which can reappear in different locations of the world where diseases that are regarded as eliminated, and the public is expected to take measures that protect the public but put people at risk. The authors conclude the study by stating that the risk perception of the public is founded on a context-dependent evaluation that the health providers and the communicating organizations need to understand. Gesser-Edelsburg is a PHD holder, and currently she is the Head of Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, University of Haifa. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks about the importance of vaccinations in places where diseases regarded as eliminated have reappeared.
Greenwood, B. (2014). The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present, and future. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B, 369(1645), 20130433.The article explores the work of Greenwood who takes the time to explain the significant contributions that vaccines have made to the universal health systems. The author says that vaccination has led to the eradication of primary infections such as measles, and smallpox. Further, the author explains how universal coverage of immunization against major significant diseases in children has been made possible since the development of WHO programs of vaccination. The author states that the development of vaccines has been challenging especially against diseases like HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis, yet it has been a fruitful journey. The author Greenwood is an Assistant Professor of Recreation, Parks, & Tourism Admin at California Polytechnic State. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks about the importance of vaccines in the eradication of diseases,
Hardt, K., Bonanni, P., King, S., Santos, J. I., El-Hodhod, M., Zimet, G. D., &Preiss, S. (2016). Vaccine strategies: Optimizing outcomes. Vaccine, 34(52), 6691-6699.This is a study that experiments the successful vaccination programs. The authors argue that the successful vaccination programs result from well-planned and implemented strategies. For this reason, the authors declare that growth and expansion of the new vaccination should be considered as an important key when evaluating the strength and structure of a local healthcare system. The article further explains that the infrastructure systems of the less developed nations need to be drawn up and straightened. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks about the cost-effectiveness of vaccine.
Healy, C. M, Montesinos, D. P, & Middleman, A. B. (2014). Parent and provider perspectives on immunization: are providers overestimating parental concerns? Vaccine, 32(5), 579-584.The paper aims at explaining whether health providers are overestimating the concerns of parents towards vaccination. The authors researched on the parental attitudes towards vaccination to determine how correctly and accurately health care providers anticipate and estimates parental opinions. The outcomes of the study revealed that some parents have negative attitudes and concerns towards vaccination and the ways in which health providers implement vaccination programs. The author Healy is an assistant professor at Baylor College of Medicine. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks about the safety of vaccines.
Holland, M, & Zachary, C, E. (2014). Herd Immunity and Compulsory Childhood Vaccination: Does the Theory Justify the Law. Or. L. Rev., 93, 1.This article explains on the herd immunity and compulsory childhood vaccination. The authors of this study evaluate the scientific hypothesis underlying the herd immunity theory, the potential framework for rational policies, and ways in Herd immunity theory is implemented in law. In addition, the article claims that the herd immunity theory is impossible for most ailments, and thus an illogical goal. Rather the authors conclude the article by stating that the effect of the herd theory is achievable and the most efficient vaccination market is not the controlled or the commanded marketplace. Therefore, the authors of the article claim that it is the time for the states to adopt and implement more cost-efficient and practical laws to attain possible herd effect. Holland is a research scholar and director of graduate lawyering program at New York University School of law. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks about importance of vaccination in disease eradication.
Larson, H. J. Jarrett, C, Eckersberger, E. Smith, D. M., & Paterson, P. (2014). Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: a systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012. Vaccine, 32(19), 2150-2159.The paper aims at identifying the hesitancy of vaccines, determinants of vaccine indecision in various environments, and informs the public concerning the significance of developing a model for evaluating determinants of vaccine hesitancy. The authors implemented a massive research study to capture various scopes of public indecision, trust, and confidence in vaccines. Consequently, the findings of this study reveal various factors that are linked with vaccine hesitancy but do not permit for an entire confirmation and grouping of their relative and independent strength of control and influence. The author Larson works at the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and London School of Hygiene This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks about safety of vaccines.
Rappuoli, R., Pizza, M., Del Giudice, G., & De Gregorio, E. (2014). Vaccines, new opportunities for a new society. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(34), 12288-12293.This article explains how vaccination has been the most efficient medical intervention. The authors highlight that vaccination has eradicated the huge part of the infectious ailments, which once killed millions of children. Using various findings of other researchers, the authors explain how vaccines have performed an excellent job in reducing the effects and impacts of childhood ailments. In addition, the article explains that the advancement in technology has significantly contributed in treating and preventing both non-communicable and communicable diseases. Therefore, the article recommends for the growth and expansion of health economic models and techniques that can capture the value of health and advantages of vaccinations. Rino Rappuoli is the Chief Scientist & Head of External Research and Development (R&D) at GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it talks concerning the cost effectiveness of vaccines.
Salmon, D. A., Dudley, M. Z., Glanz, J. M, & Omer, S. B. (2015). Vaccine hesitancy: causes, consequences, and a call to action. Vaccine, 33, D66-D71.The article mentions the concerns that parents have in vaccinating their children. The authors claim that various factors are contributing to the hesitancy of vaccines such as unfamiliarity with vaccine -preventable diseases, lack of trust and confidence in public health agents and healthcare systems, and temporal connections with adverse health outcomes. The article shows how most parents vaccinate their children with amid concerns even though vaccination is a rule in the United States. Hence, refusal of using vaccines has led to the outbreaks of measles, and flu, which result in a waste of limited public health resources and severe suffering of innocent children. The author Salmon is broadly trained in vaccinology, with an emphasis in epidemiology and health policy. This article is relevant to support the thesis because it answers the question of whether the vaccines are safe.
Whitney, C. G., Zhou, F., Singleton, J., &Schuchat, A. (2014). Benefits of immunization during the vaccines for children program era—the United States, 1994–2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Weekly Rep, 63(16), 352-355.The purpose of this article is to highlight the benefits, advantages of vaccination, and summarize the impacts of the immunization program, on the health of all children in the United States. The authors state that the benefits of implementing vaccination programs save the lives of children, they are safe to use and do not contain any dangerous and harmful ingredients. The author Whitney is the Chief of the Respiratory Diseases Branch at National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. This article is relevant to support the thesis it argues how vaccines are cost effective.
References
Esposito, S., Principi, N., &Cornaglia, G. (2014). Barriers to the vaccination of children and adolescents and possible solutions. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 20(s5), 25-31.
Greenwood, B. (2014). The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present, and future. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B, 369(1645), 20130433.
Gesser-Edelsburg, A., Shir-Raz, Y., & Green, M. S. (2016). Why do parents who usually vaccinate their children hesitate or refuse? General good vs. individual risk. Journal of Risk Research, 19(4), 405-424.
Hardt, K., Bonanni, P., King, S., Santos, J. I., El-Hodhod, M., Zimet, G. D., &Preiss, S. (2016). Vaccine strategies: Optimizing outcomes. Vaccine, 34(52), 6691-6699.
Healy, C. M., Montesinos, D. P., & Middleman, A. B. (2014). Parent and provider perspectives on immunization: are providers overestimating parental concerns? Vaccine, 32(5), 579-584.
Holland, M., & Zachary, C. E. (2014). Herd Immunity and Compulsory Childhood Vaccination: Does the Theory Justify the Law. Or. L. Rev., 93, 1.
Larson, H. J., Jarrett, C., Eckersberger, E., Smith, D. M., & Paterson, P. (2014). Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: a systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012. Vaccine, 32(19), 2150-2159.
Rappuoli, R., Pizza, M., Del Giudice, G., & De Gregorio, E. (2014). Vaccines, new opportunities for a new society. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(34), 12288-12293.
Salmon, D. A., Dudley, M. Z., Glanz, J. M., & Omer, S. B. (2015). Vaccine hesitancy: causes, consequences, and a call to action. Vaccine, 33, D66-D71.
Whitney, C. G., Zhou, F., Singleton, J., &Schuchat, A. (2014). Benefits of immunization during the vaccines for children program era—the United States, 1994–2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 63(16), 352-355.
