Policy making is the process of formulation

Policy making is the practice of developing principles and proposals that are used as a basis for decision-making by an institution, entity, or government agency (Anderson, 2011). The policy is typically used as a compass to direct various organizations in making present and prospective decisions. Policymakers are senior members of an organization who do analysis by consulting and gathering knowledge and synthesizing the information into a series of proposals. The collection of ideas is intended to produce an outcome or improvement (Gerston, 2004). As a consequence, this paper investigates multiple phases of decision making, anxiety in policy making, and steps in policy reform. Moreover, the paper elaborates on the policy of why students should or should not pass a competency test is that the state cannot warrant that all students get the same education. The states will not have a platform to evaluate how different districts are faring in education. To avoid that disadvantage, different stakeholders in the states should formulate a continuous evaluation system that evaluates different skills such as life skills, critical thinking, reading and writing, mathematics plus other areas in academics (Madaus, 2014).

Conclusion

As demonstrated by the essay, policy making is a process that follows critical stages to ensure that a policy achieves desirable change. The various stages demand engagement of different stakeholders and must be followed to ensure policy is accepted by the target population. Some problems arise in policy making process including the ambiguity in communicating the desired policy to the relevant agencies. On the other hand, the essay has also examined the concept of policy change and the reasons as to why agencies are reluctant to implement change. For instance, agencies refuse to change their policies because of the way they are molded to resist change. Lastly, the policy of competency testing has been examined, and the paper has outlined why competency tests are not good at gauging students.

































References

Anderson, J. E. (2011). Public policymaking: An introduction. Boston, MA: Cengage.

Erlandson, D. A. (2013). Measurement and Evaluation. Routledge.

Gerston, L. N. (2004). Public policy making: Process and principles. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe.

Lovinfosse, I. (2008). How and why do policies change?: A comparison of renewable electricity policies in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK. New York: P.I.E. Peter Lang

Madaus, G. F. (2014). Courts, validity, and minimum competency testing. Place of publication not identified: Springer.

Vaughan, S. K., & Arsneault, S. (2014). Managing nonprofit organizations in a policy world.