Based on the content of relevant lecture and workshop, identify an example of inequality experienced in the workplace and discuss a theory that explains why it exists.
Discrimination s one of the most often inequality experienced in the workplace. Unlawful workplace discrimination occurs when an employer takes severe adverse actions against an individual who is an employee or may be a prospective employee because of sex, age, color, race, mental or physical disability, religion and political opinion (Kluegel, et al. 7). Moreover, there three major form of discrimination in the workplace and these include individual, structural and organizational or institutional culture. Structural discrimination is a form of inequality in the workplace that is embedded in the processes and structures within an organization (Kluegel, et al. 7). This kind of discrimination can be evident in situations such as when organizational requirements for promotions or appointment excludes certain groups (Erickson 130). Individual discrimination occurs when an employee or employees of a company demonstrate prejudice against another employee often as a result of stereotypical thinking (Berrey et al. 10). Individual discrimination can be either accidental or deliberate. Nonetheless, organizational or institutional culture discrimination occurs where norms of behavior have developed which are incompatible with equal opportunities and are so well entrenched that they are taken for granted and affect behavior without the behavior being questioned in any way (Berrey et al. 10).
Works Cited
Berrey, Ellen, Robert L. Nelson, and Laura Beth Nielsen. Rights on Trial: How Workplace Discrimination Law Perpetuates Inequality. University of Chicago Press, 2017.
Erickson, Bonnie H. "Good networks and good jobs: The value of social capital to employers and employees." Social capital. Routledge, 2017. 127-158.
Kluegel, James R., and Eliot R. Smith. Beliefs about inequality: Americans' views of what is and what ought to be. Routledge, 2017.
Based on the content of the relevant lecture and seminar, compare the Hyper globalist and Skeptics perspectives on globalization.
Hyper-globalists or global optimists believe that globalization is taking place and that local cultures are being eroded primarily because of the emergence of a homogeneous global culture and the expansion of international capitalism (Oyeranmi et al. 99). Moreover they believe that globalization is a positive process that is characterized by wide spread of democracy, increasing prosperity and economic growth. Additionally, globalization has taken place because of the world adoption of neoliberal economic policies. Neoliberalism emphasize that there is need for governments in developing countries to remove obstacles that hinder free market and free trade capitalism in order to enhance development (Kajtez 170). Also, it is crucial for governments to limit their role in provision of a business friendly surrounding that enablers businesses in both outside and inside the country to make a profit. Hyper globalists support globalization since there are greater benefits that will come with globalizations as compared in the past. In addition, hyper globalists support globalization because it has resulted to more international trade and specifically since 1950s and this has resulted to increased health, education and wealth for most countries (Kajtez 171). Further, it has brought jobs and investments in developing countries through transnational corporation companies such as Sony and Apple. Conversely, Sceptics perspectives are that current processes show, at best, a regionalization of trends in production, politics, and economic development. Besides, national culture is still very strong and, in certain regions of the world, culture is responsible for retaining traditions, customs, and resisting global trends and change. The third world is not being drawn into a global economy that destroys old lives of benefit and exploitation (Oyeranmi et al. 100). On the contrary, sceptic states that the third world is becoming increasingly marginalized. Moreover, the growth of multinational corporations does not mean that nation-states are no longer relevant for governing the flows of economic benefits (Kajtez 173). Sceptical perspective point out that foreign investment flows into the control of a few advanced economies. Multinational corporations are still tied primarily to their home states or regions, and these ties produce benefits for these states or regions (Oyeranmi et al. 102).
Works Cited
Kajtez, Ilija, and Dragan Gostović. "The challenges of globalization." Vojno delo 69.4 (2017): 168-175.
Oyeranmi, Soji. "EU-AU relations in a globalized world: the implications for integration and development of Africa." Journal of African Union Studies 4.1 (2015): 97-131.
Based on the content of relevant lecture and workshop, you must critically evaluate one form of new employment and its impact on workers
Job sharing refers to employment relationships in which one employer hires several workers, but normally just two, to jointly fill a single full-time position (Landy et al. 55). It is a form of part-time work, whose purpose is to ensure that the shared job is permanently staffed. The job sharers are a group formed by the employer rather than a self-constituted employee group (Landy et al. 56). In some countries, job sharers have their own individual contracts of employment while sharing the pay and benefits of a full-time job on a pro rata basis. In other countries, job sharing is based on a single contract including two or more workers (Landy et al. 56). Job sharing should not be confused with work sharing. Work sharing corresponds to the short-term reduction in working hours to spread work among workers, often used as an alternative to job losses (Landy et al. 59). While in some European countries job sharing is already a common employment form, it has been recently emerging as a company practice (Schultz 126). The practice has been adopted from other countries and is applied using the existing general labor law provisions (Willis, 15). Standard part-time contracts are used, and the employer and the employees agree upon the implicit job sharing informally (Schultz 127). It is aimed at workers who cannot or who do not want to take up full-time employment for example, due to care obligations, engagement in education or training, or limited ability to work (Schultz 129). The employer and the employees jointly agree on the extent of each worker’s contribution, work schedules and substitution mechanisms (Schultz 135).
Works Cited
Landy, Frank J., and Jeffrey M. Conte. Work in the 21st century, Binder ready version: An introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology. John Wiley " Sons, 2016.
Schultz, Vicki. "Telling Stories About Women and Work: Judicial Interpretations of Sex Segregation in the Workplace in Title VII Cases Raising the Lack of Interest Argument [1990]." Feminist legal theory. Routledge, 2018. 124-155.
Willis, Paul. Learning to labour: How working class kids get working class jobs. Routledge, 2017.
Reflect on what you have learned, and identify three key areas for development throughout your time at UWE. What steps will you take to develop them? How will you measure your success?
I have learned a lot concerning business management, and this includes ways of increasing diversity in the labor market, globalization, austerity, workplace employment, and ethics of outsourcing and impact of new technology on the experience of work. The learning activities have been exiting because I have learned many new concepts in business management. Throughout the lectures, tutorials and required reading for my business management class, I learned about the basics of globalization, austerity, workplace employment in relation to business management, and found that there were several of these concepts I could utilize specifically in my mission to begin a career developing business self-management applications. While knowledge and understanding of labor market, globalization, austerity, workplace employment, and ethics of outsourcing and impact of new technology on the experience of work will be of great use when I embark on my business management career, business management is the key concept of relevance for me. The main reason for this is because of a gap I perceive in the market. As more and more people move from subsistence or low-income status into a self-sustained middle class economic status, a larger percentage of the United Kingdom population will need to manage their more substantial businesses themselves. A useful analogy is that of the decline in the success of businesses over the past decade. As more and more companies and organizations enable the average consumer to research and manage their business themselves (Harley 170). People wishing to manage their own companies will perceive the need for experts charging high rates for their expertise to manage their firms as less necessary. This can only happen, however, if an easy and cheap alternative is available - hence my business management knowledge exploit the disequilibrium in the market. Disequilibrium is the key concept that I can exploit my knowledge of in order to begin a successful business management career. I expect other learners to quickly follow my lead when I begin to build my business developing business career, so I will need a sound business plan, reliable and trusted employees and clearly established legal rights to my intellectual property. This is very exciting! The imbalance between demand in the market and supply means I have a ready-made target clientele and a short pathway to expansion and success. Nevertheless, I believe I need to work more in developing new learning skills and to take action appropriately in order to achieve my career goals. Moreover, it is vital I also understand my strengths as this will assist me to accomplish my educational objectives.
Works Cited
Harley, C. Knick. "Reassessing the industrial revolution: a macro view." The British Industrial Revolution. Routledge, 2018. 160-205.
