This article delves further into the diagnostic tool for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults.
The Japan Diabetes Society later edited it.
This article begins by clarifying what diabetes mellitus is.
The reader is informed at this point that there are two types of diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes are the two types.
Furthermore, the authors present some of the disease-related signs before classifying them.
Furthermore, the essay delves into several of the diagnostic tests, as well as their therapeutic control and goals.
In this paper, some of the best practices include setting up a treatment policy in addition to education patients who have diabetes.
Summary of the Main Idea of this Research
Diagnostic Test
According to the article, type of diabetes is indicated under some conditions.
In particular, some of these conditions include early-morning fasting of the level of plasma glucose and the two-hour level of plasma glucose after 75 grams loading.
Other indicators include the casual (random) measurements of the plasma glucose.
When the 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test is carried out, the patient is instructed to arrive at the hospital after fasting for at least ten hours (Green & Feinglos, 2007).
Meaning that the patient is not allowed to take even the breakfast.
Subsequently, a blood sample is taken from the patient before measuring the levels of plasma.
At this point, the glucose is administered to the patient orally.
Next, blood samples are taken at intervals of half an hour, one hour, and two hours after the loading of the glucose.
Subsequently, the plasma glucose levels are measured.
Under this condition, the patient is not allowed to exercise or smoke until the test is completed.
Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
One has to provide the hyperglycemic state chronic continuation in order to achieve a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
A diabetes diagnosis is carried out after confirming that the second test performed on another day produces a judgment of "diabetic type."
Diabetes can also be diagnosed at the initial examination provided the HbA1c, and the plasma glucose is measured at the same time (Bloomgarden, 2009).
In case there is a recognition of any of the subsequent items, the levels of the plasma glucose start to indicate the "diabetic type."
Control Indicators and the Treatment Objectives
The primary aim of the treatment of diabetes is to maintain the quality of life that is the same as the person without the disease.
Diabetes treatment also helps in the postponement and prevention of the diabetic microvascular complications as well as other atherosclerotic diseases.
This procedure also assists in the maintenance of the weight of the body, blood glucose, levels of the serum lipid, and the blood pressure.
According to the article, the control indicators play a significant role in preventing the microangiopathy onset in addition to inhibiting its progress.
These control indicators mainly aim at achieving the level of an HbA1c that is below the 7.0%.
Moreover, they contribute to the establishment of the suitable aims of the current treatment according to complications and age on the basis of case-by-case.
HbA1 is essential among the glycemic control indicators.
Besides, it helps to influence some of the central decisions that regard the treatment (Green & Feinglos, 2007).
It can be used for reflecting the mean level of blood glucose of patients.
The level of the blood glucose is the important indicator of metabolic that complements the value of the HbA1c.
Because it is relatively stable, the fasting glucose of plasma acts as an indicator of the state of metabolic.
Conversely, the level of plasma glucose two hours after taking a meal is readily impacted by the type and quantity of the food received (Bloomgarden, 2009).
The method of treatment also has some effects.
Most importantly, the heart disorders risk has to be pointed out.
In the process of complete asses of the state of metabolic of a patient, it is desirable to take the value of HbA1c, casual plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose, and the level of the plasma glucose two hours after a meal and much more into consideration.
Other Control Indicators
Some of the other indicators of control include the body weight, serum lipids, blood pressure, and different methods for testing for complications.
Normally, the standard weight of the body (kg) is given by height (m) x height (m) x 22 (Bloomgarden, 2009).
In the same way, the body mass index (BMI) is calculated by weight of the body (kg)/ height (m) x height (m).
Regarding the blood pressure, the systolic and the diastolic pressure are observed to be less than 130 mmHg and 80 mmHg respectively.
Overall, the treatment policy is set for both the insulin and the non-insulin dependent states.
In conclusion, this article is thorough in evaluating the diagnostic of diabetes.
References
Bloomgarden, Z. (2009). Diabetes Treatment. Diabetes Care, 32(3), e25-e30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc09-zb03
Green, J., & Feinglos, M. (2007). Update on type 2 diabetes mellitus: understanding changes in the diabetes treatment paradigm. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 61, 3-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01438.x
http://www.fa.kyorin.co.jp/jds/uploads/Treatment_Guide_for_Diabetes_2014-2015.pdf
