During the sixteenth century, England, Russia, Germany, Holland, Spain, and France experienced immense political and economic reform. The abrupt shift in economic and political conditions was caused by the importation of Renaissance-style furniture from Italy into these countries. These architecture designs were mostly used for ceremonial purposes in these countries and served as a sign of prestige to various nations. It has been noticed, though, that these designs did not depart Italy until the 1500s and beyond. There were different structures constructed and one of them was the front quadrangle that characterized the college of St. Bernard mainly constructed for the Cistercian. The building of the above structures took place in the early 1437 and later on because of monastery dissolution; the place was given to the crown in the year 1540. Moreover, the eastern part was not fully finished and most of the exterior walls remained unchanged. It has believed someone by the names white Thomas purchased the site after there was an establishment of the Christ church in the year 1546. In addition to the above assertion, it the person who founded the college that made changes to make sure that there was a present college hall creation. Up to today, the president still resides in one of the northern places of the eastern site that were created centuries and centuries ago.
Contemporary interior typologies
The renaissance architectural designs were unique and classic designs that were adopted from the architecture setting of the roman history. Despite the classical and unique features that design possessed, trends of their users had evolved over time because of the way city structures were changing. One of the examples of these changes was churches that did not possess the same designs that those adopted from Italy or Rome and this was termed as classicism. Moreover, as wealthy traders flocked most of these towns by the fifteenth century, most of the city dwellings were already demanding to remodel these structures, which escalated the evolution in the architectural sector. It had addition, the architects also saw no reason to design bathhouses like those that had been constructed in Italy, and the creation of very big sporting fixtures was net necessary. All the above developments were because of very old orders that were built and evaluated according to the demands that escalated during that time.Source: The MIT press Cambridge London 1932Source: Oxford University press 1977
Ceilings
The ceilings of the above architectural designs were decorated and painted after they were coffered and fitted with roofs and they were believed not to be of an architecture of medieval.Source: Oxford University press 1977Doors
The doors of the above designs were fitted with a pediment which is segmental or triangular after the arch was put in together with square lintels. There are various decorative keystones on opening places that are not fixed with doors and this is done after they places have been arched.Source: Oxford University press 1977In order to have a lot of space with these designs
The internal walls are painted with frescoes after applying limewash and plastering of these internal surfaces which creates a surface that is so smooth. The concept frescoes entail painting which is mural after the wet lime plaster has been applied on the internal walls of the building. During this process, the factor that integrates a classic painting contains both the setting of plaster and water, which acts as a merging pigment. The word fresco is derived from both the Greek and Italian vocabularies that mean something thing that is not dry. Moreover, during painting that is a mural, fresco is applied as a supplementary factor for drying the internal wall and this practice has been closely associated and used by different nations like German, England and France among others.Source: Oxford University press 1977Reading Interiors
The reading interiors characterize of libraries that are characterized with designs of Michelangelo's successors which entail matching and crowed finished corrals of floors, and an ornate wooden ceiling combined with stairs that are fixed on the long low structure. It has been noted this room is embraced with streaming of lighting that is natural and it appears in all the fixed rows of windows that are placed on both sides of the library room to give comfort, which is formed of beauty and history to the person using the library room. The library also has different sets of categories like the vestibule which is believed to possess crowed stairs, wide and taller. In addition to the above, at the landing stairs of this type of this type of library, the staircases connect to different directions or flow of lava as termed as Pevsner (New College 25).Source: Oxford University press 1977St John's College
The University of Oxford has different halls where students reside and those who can manage to reside from these halls come from private halls, hotel rooms, and flat apartments among others. One of the halls would be the St.John's College which is situated in the central place of the university. Moreover, the classics, languages, math and science lecture rooms are located close to this hall. The hall is also favored by the construction of a new library for large humanities that will comprise of the department of math all of which will favor the students that will be in that department. In addition to the above, there is no need to worry about finding houses because accommodation is just in abundance. It has been noted that student who are not interested in staying in this hall, they can reside in the houses that were set up by the different people found on the road that goes to the museum. Hence, they will be able to access facilities of the university while they are paying lesser costs in terms of accommodation for rooms, which are even bigger than those of the university hall.This hall of residence is cheap compared to hotel rooms and private rooms in such a way that it charges between one thousand one hundred twenty-seven pounds and nine hundred seventy-five per semester the university can let a student stay for about twenty days of the year which are not counted in the normal days of the university or also termed as vacation grant. Moreover, the above scenario can't happen in hotel rooms or private halls; In relation to the above, St.johns college has various capacities of rooms which are large and compared to private halls or universities halls around the university. Despite the fact that this kind of setting does not kind of setting does not favor other activities, the hall is far better than other private halls when it comes to rates.St Peter's College
Another university hall in Oxford is St.Peter's college is rated as the fourth in the university. With a satisfaction rate of ninety-six percent in the year 2012, the hall is endowed with law building and master's garden, four guards, among others and the university hall is believed to be medium sized. Moreover, it when it comes to getting to any location in the city, it is very fast because the hall is located juts in the middle of the city. The hall is near the oxford union, which is a two minutes journey from the OUSU office blocks and near the faculty of history. Unlike other university halls and private halls that are far, this one is very close to major bus stations on the high street, it is a two-minute journey from the oxford station coach, two minutes journey from Westgate shopping Centre and shops of Queen Street and the corn market. Moreover, the university hall boasts of being near the bars and the oxford's clubs, being close to the building of the university and the central colleges, which are not the case as other university halls or private hall and apartment flats where students reside.Regent's Park College
When it comes to Regent's Park College hall, it is only the third and first-year students that are offered accommodation because of its social, friendly and small. Students who are the second year are catered for by the Jericho where they rent accommodation. This hall is one of the unique halls that are private and attached to the University of Oxford. However, it has been noted that this hall executes its duties in the same way as those carried out by the old college hall, which gives students a test that is the same, and yet the university funding to this college is different from other old colleges. When it comes to the cost of this hall, it's quite expensive compared to other university halls charging to a tune of four thousand pounds for rooms per year. Despite the fact that the rooms are expensive compared to another university hall, it offers a wide range of benefits like beautiful views of the main quad, rooms are well furnished and painted, they have light, they are warm and spacious compared to other university halls, hotels, and apartments.Oxford University
Oxford University is a collection of various calibers of a student who are attracted to the university because of things like the Rhodes scholarship, which is considered as the most prestigious and oldest in the history of scholarships in the University of Oxford. Moreover, this kind of practice has been going on for more than a century whereby the university is said to be operating the largest system of the academic library in England, the biggest university press in the entire world and finally it possesses the oldest museum in the history of universities in the whole world. This institution has educated different heads of states around the globe, around twenty-seven prime ministers of the United Kingdom, and various recognized alumni among others.Museums
Unlike the old museums, the museums of Oxford are said to be free to the general public with a lot of galleries that have been gathered from different places of history. The oldest museum in the university is the Ashmolean which was founded in the year 1683 in the United Kingdom. This museum is known for its Alfred jewel and Parian marble, scorpion mace head, works of prominent people like Picasso, Turner, Leonardo da Vinci, and Michelangelo himself. Moreover, this archaeology and collections of different antiquities in the university museum are said to be examples of the finest discoveries that have ever been made. This has not only forced people from the UK to go and check out these finest discoveries but also people from different parts of the world who are attracted to the museum because of the architectural designs and its ancient products.Source: Oxford University press 1977Libraries
The libraries also comprise of people who are interacting with the unique feature of the architectural work that was done years and years ago. This is because, in the United Kingdom, the Oxford University holds the largest university library with a shelving of books of about one hundred ninety kilometers being occupied by eleven million volumes of books. It was estimated that the library of Bodleian's shelving is growing at a rate of 5km every year because every book that is published in the United Kingdom is supposed to be shared with this library making it the second largest after the library of British in the United Kingdom. Hence this has forced so many people from different walks of life to come and interact with the beauty of this library which has unique architectural features.OUSU and common rooms
Another group of people who interact with the architectural setting, which was described in the beginning of this research, is the common rooms and OUSU communities, which comprise of about twenty-one thousand individual representatives of students. These unions serve a purpose of providing direct services to the student bodies, and representation at the national education policy debate during the university's decision-making processes. Moreover, these unions represent both the graduate and undergraduate students that are attached to organizations and various college common rooms. These kinds of groups that interact with the architectural settings that are described above comprise of salaried sabbatical officers who are six in number and they work full time.Works Cited
Alexander Christopher and Jocobson Max, A pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, and Construction, New YOrk, Oxforf Press 1977
Prest John, The illustrated history of Oxford University, P.68
Teige Karel, The minimum dwelling p.1
New college, Oxford and its buildings P.25
Buxton Pamela, Metric Handbook Planning and Design Data, edited by, pages 23-1 to 23-13.
Willis, Robert and Clark, John Willis, (1886), architectural history of the University of Cambridge P.10
