The Context of Social Choice Theory and Policy Feedback Theory
The context of social choice theory is an examination of how individual perspectives, interests, welfares, and preferences are combined to arrive at societal welfare or collective choices. The theory is predicated on the ability to merge all human interests into a single social welfare function. Policy feedback theory, on the other hand, focuses on evidence to develop effective policies, particularly in the public sector. The frameworks mentioned above are critical in creating data that will modernize the country's juvenile correctional establishments. In conducting research on juvenile recidivism, social choice and policy feedback theories are beneficial.
The Importance of Evidence in Shaping Policy Processes
The use of evidence is critical in shaping various policy processes. The existing challenges in the juvenile detention centers include corruption and inhumane torture. The use of policy feedback theory will be vital in ending these vices in prisons. There exist various factors vital in shaping the use of evidence in making new policies. The various factors include political centralization, institutional mechanisms and processes, levels of democratization, the influence of external organizations and donors, and the concentration of power (Liverani, Hawkins, Parkhurst & Derrick, 2013).
The Role of Feedback in Policy Formation
Additionally, the configuration of the feedback with the prevailing political agendas and the pressure from political cultures and policy strategies also assist in shaping the uptake of evidence. Clarke, Swinburn, and Sacks (2016), assert that the various studies that have applied other theories, apart from policy feedback have suffered from major methodological weaknesses, especially regarding reliability and integrity of the results. Feedback is argued to transpire through two key mechanisms. These mechanisms include the policies that lead to the creation of enticements and different resources for the political actors and the policies presenting those actors with knowledge that lead to a certain understanding of the political world (Pierson, 1993).
The Use of Social Choice Theory and Social Welfare
Further, the use of social choice theory is due to the reliability and credibility of the information gathered through the framework (Salles, 2014). Since social welfare meaning implies to the common will of the society, the use of the framework in raising new policies leads to the achievement of the individual member set preferences (Clarke & Islam, 2003). The prevailing feeling among the people is that the government has totally failed in educating the juvenile offenders. The use of illegal and inhumane torture methods by various juvenile prisons as a form of punishment violates the social welfare and symbolizes selfish interests. Social welfare insists on having a democratic system where the interests of an individual do not supersede those of the society (Hayden, 1999). The use of inhumane methods of torture leads to frustration and anger among the prisoners motivating them to engage in more crime once released. Also, the negative environment where the delinquents are subjects during incarceration influences their personality negatively. Ethics and social welfare are closely intertwined, and the social philosophy always motivates the society to hold values that favor the humanistic growth (Martin, Shields, Tolwinski & Kent, 1996).
Generating Reliable Information for Effective Monitoring Systems
In conclusion, the delinquents leaving juvenile prisons over the years have not been adequately nurtured to stay away from prisons as they enter adulthood. In any case, they are hardened and subsequently increasing the likelihood of ending up in prison. The use of reliable research frameworks like social choice and policy feedback will lead to the generation of reliable information on how the government can develop an effective monitoring system for juveniles.
References
Clarke, B., Swinburn, B., & Sacks, G. (January 01, 2016). The application of theories of the policy process to obesity prevention: a systematic review and meta-synthesis. Bmc Public Health, 16, 1.
Clarke, M., & Islam, S. M. (January 01, 2003). Measuring social welfare: application of social choice theory. Journal of Socioeconomics, 32, 1, 1-15.
Hayden, G. M. (January 01, 1999). The Limits Of Social Choice Theory: A Defense Of The Voting Rights Act. Tulane Law Review, 74, 87-132.
Liverani, M., Hawkins, B., Parkhurst, J. O., & Derrick, G. E. (October 30, 2013). Political and Institutional Influences on the Use of Evidence in Public Health Policy. A Systematic Review. Plos One, 8, 10.)
Martin, W. E., Shields, D. J., Tolwinski, B., & Kent, B. (January 01, 1996). An application of social choice theory to U.S.D.A. forest service decision making. Journal of Policy Modeling, 18, 6, 603-621.
Pierce, J. J., Siddiki, S., Jones, M. D., Schumacher, K., Pattison, A., & Peterson, H. (February 01, 2014). Social Construction and Policy Design: A Review of Past Applications. Policy Studies Journal, 42, 1, 1-29.
Pierson, P. (January 01, 1993). When effect becomes cause. Policy feedback and political change. World Politics, 1993, 595-628.
Salles, M. (January 01, 2014). ‘Social choice and welfare’ at 30: its role in the development of social choice theory and welfare economics. Social Choice and Welfare, 42, 1, 1-16.
