The authority systems and academic disciplines
The authority systems have carried out extensive debates of what should constitute a legitimate academic discipline. The uses of academic disciplines have expanded significantly across the globe especially in the learning institutions. Ideally, in the learning institutions, academic disciplines are used in providing a framework in which post-baccalaureate and other learning programs are initiated (Ho, Ian, and Chuie-Hong 703). The training that is offered via the disciplines assists in establishing an orderly behavior system. The manifestation of this behavior is revealed in the understanding and gaining new knowledge. Thus, the academic disciplines are relevant in encouraging knowledge structures where the members are trained, conduct research and produce numerous educational output. The essay aims at highlighting the academic disciplines, the appropriate documentation styles used in the disciplines, indicating how the styles are similar or different from each other and citing examples of the documentation styles.
The academic disciplines
Numerous academic disciplines are taught in the learning institutions. The disciplines may contain some branches and sub-branches. The main disciplines include Anthropology, Biology, Business, chemistry, English, Engineering, Geology and other earth sciences, Government Documents, Microbiology History, Music, Information Sciences and Computer Science are academic disciplines that are leaned in the schooling institutions. Journalism is also an essential discipline followed by Law and Legal Studies. In further support, Sociology, Physics, Linguistics, as well as Social Work are also on the list of the academic discipline. Other fundamental subjects in the learning institutions include Mathematics, Psychology, Management, Political Science as well as Medicine (Eastern Kentucky University). Moreover, students may opt to learn other disciplines such as the Visual arts whose branches include the fine arts and applied arts. The Economics discipline may have numerous sub-branches such as the developing economies, complexity economics, economic history, anarchist economics, applied economics, economic geography among others. The Law discipline also contains branches and sub-branches. The branches comprise the Canon law, Civil law, Administrative law, procedural law, criminal law among others.
The appropriate documentation styles used for each discipline
The academic disciplines have their unique styles of documentation. The Chemistry discipline has a unique style. Idyllically, the discipline uses the American Chemical Society style. Additionally, American Management Association is a documentation style that is applied in the business discipline. The humanity disciplines such as English utilizes a special documentation style, which is the Modern Language Association. The example of the format includes Stephen C. The practice of English language teaching. Longman, 1640 Broadway, New York, 10036, 2014. In this case, the year is written at the end of all the details of the book or the article (Lechelt). Additionally, Engineering is another discipline that is essential to learners who make the choice of studying it. The documentation style used in this discipline is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Anthropology is a discipline that is mainly concerned with the study of people, the past and the present. The discipline uses the American Anthropological Association format. Ideally, the branches and the sub-branches of Anthropology apply the same styling. The style is almost similar to Chicago format. Moreover, the style does not underline the titles of the book and the quotation marks do not surround book titles (SchoolofLiberalArts). The title of the book is also preceded by the date in which the article was published. An example of the American Anthropological Association style: John, Stephen 2015 The Economies Basis of Ethnic Solidarity: Business in American Society: Pluto press.
In The Council of Science Editors is a documentation Style that is used in the Biology discipline. The format uses the name-year system. The information included in the reference includes the names of the author, the year in which it was published, the title of the book and other items that might be necessary (Penn State University Libraries). The citation system used also applies to the superscript numbers in the text to imply the end of a reference. For example, scientific research was started in America1 but in London2, 3 its became intense.
Geology and Earth science are also disciplines that are highly studied across the world. To achieve success, the learners in these subjects must use the American Geological Institute. The government documents disciplines are fundamental aspects that need to be considered because they also apply the documentation styles. The style entails the Congressional Information Service. The Chicago Manual of Style is utilized by the learners who study the History discipline. For instance, the style is in this form: Harmer, John. The practice of History teaching. Longman, 2346 Broadway, New York, NY 10236, 2013. Thus, in this example, the year comes at the end of the author name, the title of the book and the publisher.
Additionally, Information science and Computer Science is an amazing discipline where the learners are able to learn about the advancement in technology and gain adequate knowledge on the use of the technology. In this regard, the discipline also uses the Chicago Manual of Style just like history. The journalism discipline uses the Associated Press Stylebook as the documentation style. Law and the legal studies disciplines apply the Harvard Law Review Bluebook documenting style, the 16th edition (Red Deer College Library). An example of the documentation style is Christopher, N.E., Peter, A.J. and Law, Q.D., 2015. Fundamentals of law management. John Wiley & Sons. In this instance, the names of the author are separated by the commas and full-stops. The year of publishing comes between the author names and the title of the book. The publisher follows at the end.
Linguistics is another discipline that cannot be underestimated. The documentation format that is used in this discipline is the Linguistics Society of America. Learners make learning a success by studying mathematics. In this perspective, mathematics is a discipline that is applicable in all the fields available across the world. The documentation method applied in mathematics is the American Mathematics Society format. Another important discipline that has helped many learners in research development and knowledge gain based on health is Medicine. Ideally, Medicine uses the America Medical Association approach as its documentation method. The format that is implemented in the Microbiology discipline is the American Society for Microbiology.
In the Political Science academic discipline, the style of documentation that is used is the American Political Science Association format. Additionally, the Psychology discipline has a special method of documentation. The subject makes use of the American Psychological Association style, which is created for the learning institutions with the help of the American Psychological Association (Lechelt). An example of this style includes Hermer, C. D.,William, J. G., Berber, S., & Parasum, R. (2018). Engineering psychology - human performance. Psychology Press. Another format that is developed in the learning institutions in order to promote the professional research skills is the American Sociological Association. The documentation style is used in the Sociology discipline. Moreover, Social Work is fundamental to the learning institutions. The method of documentation that is applied in this discipline is the National Association of Social Workers. The body that supports this style is the organization of social workers, which provides enhanced information about the social work discipline.
Conclusion
The academic disciplines have their unique techniques of documentation. The documentation styles are similar because of contents that they possess. However, the arrangement of the contents is what makes them different. For instance, in the Modern Language Association style, the author name is followed by the year the book was published. The American Psychological Association style has the name of the author written first, followed by the title of the book, the publisher and lastly the year that the book was published. Thus, the academic disciplines should implement their respective documentation styles to assist in arranging ideas of the disciplines in an orderly manner.
Works Cited
Ho, Sin-Ban, Ian Chai, and Chuie-Hong Tan. "A Comparison of Three Documentation Styles for Educational Data Analysis." Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advanced Data and Information Engineering (DaEng-2013). Springer, Singapore, 2014.
Eastern Kentucky University. Documentation Styles by Discipline. n.d. http://studio.eku.edu/documentation-styles-discipline. 25 April 2018.
Lechelt, Marie. MLA " APA Documentation Styles. n.d.https://www.riverland.edu/riverland/assets/File/student-services/MLA%20%26%20APA%20Writing%20Center%20Powerpoint.pdf. 26 April 2018.
Penn State University Libraries. CSE Quick Citation Guide. 15 February 2018. http://guides.libraries.psu.edu/CSE. 26 April 2018.
Red Deer College Library. Chicago Citation Style 16th Edition. 22 March 2018. https://rdc.libguides.com/c.php?g=372661"p=2697614. 26 April 2018.
School of Liberal Arts. AAA Documentation Style . February 2009. https://www.unl.edu/rhames/courses/current/readings/AAA%20Style.pdf. 27 April 2018
