International Development and Organizations

The presence and scope of internal organizations (IO) extend across the globe, where it plays an important role in global affairs. At the moment, at least 238 of these organizations are working on every potential topic around the world. International organizations have a key role in humanitarian crises, financial meltdowns, environmental concerns, and violent war (Barnett and Finnemore 1). The institutes work broadly on national governance issues, supervising concepts that were once considered national sanctions. For example, various branches of NATO and the UN have become deeply involved with the national military organizations of their member states. The European Central Bank is also another IO that is presently overseeing the monetary policy for various powerful countries around the globe. The many IOs are busily defining the women’s right, children’s right, refugee rights, and human rights, as well as shaping how these rights are understood at both the domestic and national level. IOs such as the Organization for Corporation and Security in the European, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the UN are entrusted with various duties. These include creating civilian police, recreating financial institutions, as well as, drafting administrative arrangements and new constitutions. This paper will analyze the United Nations (UN) as an international organization and development

The best example of how the UN facilitates development in a third-party state

The best example of the UN facilitating development in the region involves establishing the concept of social justice and inclusion in such regions. In most states, various sub-groups face particular challenges in improving their well-being or who experience a definite disadvantage. The objective of this concept is to develop strategies that would narrow the gaps between the opportunities enjoyed by the privileged and the disadvantaged. There are many forms of the social justice and inclusion. These include reducing poverty, social inclusion, gender equality, and promoting the development of the youth. One strategy that UN applies in encouraging social justice is by supporting political independence (Barusch 494).

Promoting youth development

As a whole, this program is seen to assist the youngsters to build up a positive sense of identity. Here, the aim is also to enable the youth to develop positive peer relationships, persistence, effort, and teamwork. The argument here is that the society needs to provide appropriate as well as adequate opportunities and guidance for the youth development in areas such as sports and recreation, employment, health, and education. This will enable the young people to transition successfully into adulthood whereby they will be able to add to the evolution of their societies. On the contrary, failing to support their development and neglecting to offer them the resources and knowledge they require to come up with informed choices and move forward can hamper this process of transition. This will as well pose disastrous outcome for the society as a whole (United Nations 34).

Gender equality

Another instance of the concept of social justice and inclusion is promoting gender equality. In many countries, the issue of sex inequality persists in many aspects of life. For this reason, the potential and creative contribution of the women to development are time and again underused and usually underestimated as a result of these inequalities. Here, the UN promotes gender equality as a fundamental and principal human right. This is because it is a central means of attaining other goals for development, which, in turn, will ensure that the girls and women share equally in the benefits of development and their potential is fully utilized in all aspects of development. This concept is also seen as a way to empower women to combat disease, hunger, and poverty as well as to stimulate development that is truly sustainable (Adams 64).

Social Inclusion

The UN believes that each should have the right to benefit from the elaboration of the society as well as the ability and responsibility to contribute to that development. Facilitating this concept is crucial for the reason that exclusion and social inequalities trims down the capacities of the productive people and denies some people the opportunities and rights available to others. This, in turn, forces such people into poverty and limits their benefit to society. The UN encourages the participation of all individuals and protects all human rights to promote social integration. Therefore, the organization calls for solidarity and security, non-discrimination, tolerance, respect for diversity, and equal opportunities with particular attention being given to the vulnerable and disadvantaged groups. The work of the organization constitutes taking the significant measures to promote social inclusion (Rimmerman 126).

Reducing poverty

The UN strives to ensure that each in the community enjoys an acceptable level of physical well-being. The UN has universally recognized the need to diminish poverty, and over the decades, there have meaningful reductions in poverty. Ultimately eliminating extreme poverty is at the heart of the UN development agenda. The focus of this objective began in the early 1990s (Karimova 52).

How the UN has worked in a given region and its effectiveness

The UN has been able to work efficiently through its UNRWA program for Palestine. UNRWA is United Nations Relief and Works Agency. This program is unique based on its longstanding dedication to one group of refugees. From this program, the UN has been able to contribute to the human development as well as the welfare of four generation of Palestine refugees. The services offered by UNRWA include camp improvement and infrastructure, relief and social services, health care, and education. Other services encompass emergency and microfinance assistance, including times of armed conflict. The goal of the organization is to foster the human development of these refugees by assisting them to enjoy human rights and achieve decent standards of living. The program is also committed to helping them lead long and healthy as well as acquire knowledge and skills. The Palestinian refugees encompass 20 percent of the Jordan population (Goodman 1).

Additionally, the mandate of UNRWA comprises carrying out works and relief programs in support of Palestine refugees. Over time, this support has progressed to meet the changing circumstances and needs. The areas of operation of UNRWA include the occupied Palestinian territory, the Syrian Arab Republic, Lebanon, and Jordan. Presently, the organization offers both basic human development services and humanitarian relief in these regions. The General Assembly also encourages the agency to provide humanitarian assistance on an emergency basis to individuals in the areas who do not meet the definition of UNRWA of a Palestine refugee but who have been affected by the June 1967 war and subsequent hostilities. For the registered refugees, only one-third of them still live in camps while the rest live in towns and cities all over the area of operation of the agency. Besides, some of the refugees are living in other countries. Nonetheless, whether a refugee lives in the camp or not, the services offered by UNRWA are available to them, provided they are registered. In 2001, the organization introduced various programs such as tolerance, conflict resolution, and human rights into its schools for Palestinian refugees (Pinto 58).

Effectiveness

UNRWA has been active in regards to the services it offers to the Palestine refugees. It successfully provides services through installations and its staff. It total, it operates 39 community-based programs, 65 women’s programs centers, 125 primary health care facilities, eight vocational training centers, and 663 schools. The organization has been useful in proving micro-credit loans worth more than $100 million since 1991, and it has also been able to offer hardship assistance, including groceries, support to nearly 250,000 refugees. Also, since the year 200, the organization has also been able to provide additional crisis assistance to various people in need, apart from the registered refugees, in reaction to the continuing variance in the occupied Palestinian territory. The agency has also been able to disperse 4.3 million of its members around the world, particularly in neighboring countries, as they wait to return home (Akram 11).

The criteria established for intervening

The UN has set up various criteria for intervention when it comes to its operations in different categories. In regards to UNRWA, the agency has formulated standards and benchmarks in pursuance of its mandate. This formulation is based on identifying those who are entitled to receive the services of the organization and be registered in its Registration System. These criteria, as well as standards, are meant to facilitate the operations of UNRWA. The provision of the agency’s services is subject to relevant rules, regulations, and instructions as well as budgetary limitations. Here, the pertinent issue includes the continuity of status and rights (Goodwin-Gill and McAdam 152).

There are numerous purposes for the establishment of these criteria for intervention. These include describing the services of the agency, which is available to eligible persons. Another goal is to describe the procedures and requirements of suitable groups of persons as well as individuals. An additional purpose entails to set out the guidance to those who are entitled to benefit from the organization without being registered and for the UNRWA staff.

The outcome goals for the criteria for intervention include first the ability to protect the refugees. These include safety while assisting them to get a more durable, long-term solution, allowing them to live in dignity, and putting the measure to ensure their fundamental human rights are respected. Another outcome includes access to asylum procedures that are efficient and fair and safety from being taken back to the dangers they have fled. The UN agencies, in this case, UNRWA, bear the primary duty for this protection, in compliance with their responsibility under the international refugee law as well as the regional treaties that concern them. One reason is to uphold the particular attention by the UN in the case of such refugees through UNRWA (Zimmermann 544).

Conclusion

As an IO, the UN takes care of a broad range of issues that go beyond the local laws as well as global boundaries. The objective of the organization includes promoting universal respect for, and observance of fundamental freedom for all. It also improves conditions for social as well as economic progress and development, full employment, and higher standards of living. This has enabled UN agencies, in this case, UNRWA to promote the self-reliance and development of members of the community who are less privileged, particularly the elderly, people with disability, children, and women. The UN has an international legal personality (Collins and White 300).



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