Administrative Procedures Act

The Administrative Procedures Act is a federal statute in the United States that was enacted in 1946 to establish guidelines for how various government agencies develop and issue regulations (Rubin, Edward). It specifies the requirements for publishing final and proposed rulemaking notices in the Federal Register. Furthermore, it allows citizens to provide feedback on notifications of proposed rulemaking in the health sector.
Collective action refers to any coordinated political or social act carried out by people who have banded together to solve a shared need (Ludwig, Kirk). The primary purpose for collective action is to address issues of inequality, which might vary from inadequate compensation to bad working conditions. Therefore, collective action aims at achieving justice, identity, and efficacy. A good example is when labor unions for health workers come together to rally for a fair wage pay and provision of adequate benefits to workers.

Liberal Values

Liberal values are virtues that push for a free market, restoration of the limitations on government power, fiscal responsibility, and rational government policies among other issues (Pavicevic, Djordje). The importance of liberal values stems from the fact that they restore freedom while adopting various ways of appreciating an alternative reality in the society. Hence, liberal values have a great impact on current events surrounding the health policy.

Social Gospel

Social gospel refers to the notions held by members of the Protestant Christina Intellectual movement who were an uprising in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (Tontonoz, Matthew). The primary aim of adopting the “social gospel” was to institute the Christian ethics in offering solutions to social problems like poverty, education, poor health among others.

Winner-take-all Electoral Process

This is a term that refers to the system adopted in the electoral process and more particularly the single member district where those occupying political seats are individuals who gunner the highest votes (Rodney, Douglas). However, there is no fair representation of the marginalized groups. Moreover, only a small portion of voters control all the seat.



Works Cited

Ludwig, Kirk. "Proxy Agency In Collective Action". Noûs, vol 48, no. 1, 2013, pp. 75-105. Wiley-Blackwell, doi:10.1111/nous.12013.

Pavicevic, Djordje. "Liberal Values And Political Stabilization In Serbia". Filozofija I Drustvo, no. 19-20, 2002, pp. 165-178. National Library Of Serbia, doi:10.2298/fid0209165p.

Rodney, Douglas. "Self-Organizing Winner-Take-All Networks". Frontiers In Neuroscience, vol 4, 2010, Frontiers Media SA, doi:10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.13.00064.

Rubin, Edward L. "It's Time To Make The Administrative Procedure Act Administrative". SSRN Electronic Journal, Elsevier BV, doi:10.2139/ssrn.412584.

Tontonoz, Matthew. "The Scopes Trial Revisited: Social Darwinism Versus Social Gospel". Science As Culture, vol 17, no. 2, 2008, pp. 121-143. Informa UK Limited, doi:10.1080/09505430802062885.