1. The decision to issue a writ of certiorari is made when there are suspected irregularities in a case. In this regard, an appellate court requires a lower court to submit the case record for review purposes. Higher courts exercise the discretion to determine which cases need to be reviewed.
2. The “pattern of cases” strategy is usually implemented when people file similar cases in several circuits. Contradictions or differences in rulings can instigate a review from the Supreme Court.
3. Oral arguments at the Supreme Court provide opportunities for attorneys to present important arguments. Justices also require attorney to answer specific questions regarding the case. All sessions are documented and open to the public. Oral arguments are vital since they reveal the extent of discovery.
4. Majority opinion refers to the decision supported by most of the Justices. On the other hand, the regular concurrence refers to when a Justice agrees with both the court’s disposition and opinion. Dissenting opinion refers to the decision supported by a minority of the court. The latter decision is usually in opposition to the majority opinion.
5. Enforcement powers refer to when Congress uses certain legislation to impose a constitutional amendment. In this manner, Congress can limit the decision-making authority of federal courts. Enforcement powers also establish precedents that must be respected.
Limited access to the bench refers to when the judges are prohibited from having private discussions with attorneys from both sides. Discussions with attorneys are vital since they promote respectful behavior. In some cases, attorneys desire to introduce new evidence for consideration. Limited access to the bench prevents federal courts from reviewing new evidence.
