Scitable by nature education directs the website. This website covers the topic habitat loss, diseases, bushmeat hunting, climate change and future directions. What I like about the site is optimism, that although people endanger primates, the reducing human activities and increased human care such as disease prevention can avert more losses. The site has helped me to learn that Africa has the lowest loss of habitat for primates.
http://www.bioone.org/toc/prco/29/1
BioOne spearheads biological, environmental and ecological sciences. The study here has topics such methodology, results and discussion (Riley). The good thing about this website is that it provides small grants to support primate research and it has taught me that partnering with organizations such as NGOs would strengthen the conservation plans. http://static1.1.sqspcdn.com/static/f/1200343/27791697/1515005866157/PC31_Hirche_et al_Aotus_Colombian_Andes.pdf?token=BUpS%2FicrIzyYZNfL6V94dnmMSF0%3D
The primate specialist group directs this website and plans to inform the world about primates and their conservation. What makes me like the site is; it talks about the demography of night monkeys. Moreover, I have learned that monkeys do not have to relocate to other forests, but they overcrowd in patches within the same forest (Hirche, Jimenez, Roncancio and Ansorge, 4).
Human genome project
https://www.genome.gov/12011238/an-overview-of-the-human-genome-project/
The national genome research institute directs the website above, and the primary topic is "What was the Human Genome Project?" what makes me like the site is that it provides detailed information concerning the structure, organization as well as complete set of human genes. From this site, I have learned that there exist about 20,500 human genes (National human genome research institute).
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/dna-sequencing-technologies-key-to-the-human-828
Scitable by nature education directs the website and covers topics such as goals and principles of the human genome project (HGP), phases of HGP and the change from digital information to the molecular medicine. What I like about this website is its comprehensive detail about the processes of HGP, and it has taught me that the sequence of the human genome project is similar to that of DNA sequencing (Chial, 219).
https://www.britannica.com/event/Human-Genome-Project
Encyclopedia Britannica directs this website, which covers topics such as the timeline of HGP, science behind it, HGP advances, impacts on medicine, law and social science. What I like about this site is that it explores the human genes and their connection to diseases, moreover, I have learned that study of molecular genetics that led to research on human genetics (Keil).
Fossil dating methods
https://www.fossilera.com/pages/dating-fossils
Fossilera directs the website, which covers two topics, absolute dating, and relative dating. The site contains clear explanation supported with examples, and it has taught me that even when a fossil lacks correlation with any other dated remains, scientists can still use index fossils for relative dating.
https://answersingenesis.org/age-of-the-earth/dating-methods/
Answers in Genesis direct the website and exposes the imperfection of evolution in dating. The site covers topics “what to learn, what the textbook says about concerning the dating methods and what people know about these methods among other issues. What I like about the site is that it has taken a direction of comparing different theories, the biblical and the scientific one, and has taught me that scientific methods may not be perfect and thus more should be done to support better researches.
https://australianmuseum.net.au/dating-dinosaurs-and-other-fossils
Australian museum puts on the website and is titled dating dinosaurs and other fossils. The article contains topic why date the remains as well as the crucial rocks for dating. I like the site as it has explored specific elements used in dating methods and it has taught me that volcanic rocks are best as they are formed at a particular time of the eruption.
Human fossil finds
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils
Smithsonian national museum of natural history directs the site, which and covers the fossil evidence. What I like about the site is that it counters what human beings believe, and it has helped me to learn that although discoveries continue to emerge, some ancient fossils are yet to have representation.
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/oldest-human-outside-africa-discovered-fossil-jaw-israel-science/
National Geographic puts on this site and deals with the discovery of an old fossil outside Africa, which happened in Israel in January 2018 (Strickland). The article covers two topics of exhaustive dating and with tools, too. What I like about this site the discovery, which has taught me that the modern human could have left the continent about fifty-years more than they thought.
https://www.natureasia.com/en/nmiddleeast/article/10.1038/nmiddleeast.2018.43
Nature middle east directs this website with the article having three topics including green, lush ancient Arabia, the fossilized finger and a complicated dispersal scenario. What I like about the site is its specific details arguing against what people knew, and I have learned the multiple dispersals from Africa earlier than thought.
Future concepts such as cloning, gene selection as well as artificial intelligence
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/11/091124-origin-of-species-150-darwin-human-evolution.html
The national geographic news directs this site. What I like about the site is that it predicts both possibility that human may or may not continue to evolve. However, the site has taught me the impossibility of possible evolution definition as no one is sure.
https://www.cfr.org/event/future-artificial-intelligence-and-its-impact-society
The council on foreign relations directs this site, and the available article deals with the intelligence future and the likely impact to the society. What I like about the site is the direct questioning providing more insight into the future of intelligence. The site has that human beings still have the hope for evolution, and they base it on the current technology but compare with the early century.
http://nautil.us/issue/28/2050/dont-worry-smart-machines-will-take-us-with-them
Nautilus puts on the site and encourages as the smart machine can take their place. I like the website as it challenges people to invent biological processes to feed with new found intelligence, which is a technological advancement. What I have learned from this site is that the modern machine processor is way beyond the human capacity as its speed is in GHz and human in Hundreds of Hz.
Part 2
Skeleton of human and non-human primates
Retrieved from: https://boneclones.com/category/non-human-primates
The image represents the "true features" of primates, where the socket of the eye is forward facing, moreover, the primate had a massive brain and a complete postorbital construction for protecting the eye.
Retrieved from: https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Plain/APES+VS.+HOMININ+SKELETONS
The image compares features of the human skeleton and that of primates. As seen, human have a broad chest, flattening from back to front that helps to stand and move straight. However, primates have a rib cage that is round, and barrel-shaped.
Retrieved from: https://boneclones.com/product/set-of-6-primate-skulls-BC-1234-SET
The image represents a comparative study of six skulls of primates showing similarities of the family and the differentiation of species starting from male human, a male orangutan, male gorilla, female siamang, male chimpanzee and female bonobo.
Stone tools
Retrieved from: https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-old-stone-age-and-vs- new-stone-age/
The image is a collection of Neolithic artifacts, and it includes ax heads, bracelets, polishing tools and chisels. The Neolithic stones are not chipped but exists as polished and excerpt for specialty products.
Retrieved from: http://curiousscience.com/11/Curiosities/Stone-age-tools-P1678.html
It is a collection of stone age tools that feature bone handles with stone ends and shells.
Retrieved from: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/making-of-stone-tools-could-have-led-to-emergence- of-human-language/
The images represent Acheulian hand ax, and the technology begun 1.75 million years ago.
Homicide fossil
Retrieved from: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/investigating-case-earliest- known-murder-victim-180955409/
The skull belongs to one of the oldest murder victims, unearthed in Spain, and aged about 430,000 years. The two wounds show human attacking another with handaxe or spear.
Retrieved from: https://anthropology.si.edu/writteninbone/resources.html
The skeleton was unearthed in the seventeenth century in Maryland, and it shows a boy who suffered malnutrition and bone fractures due to hard labor.
Retrieved from: https://phys.org/news/2014-02-impact-mummy-skull.html
The image reveals squatting position with broken legs and switched hands, frontal teeth missing and also the eyes closed with skin indicating a possibility of murder after being tied with a rope.
Art objects associated with early human
Retrieved from: https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/ Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations.html
The object represents prehistoric religion through a goddess seated on a throne together with two lionesses.
Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_of_the_Upper_Paleolithic
The figure is an upper paleolithic and depicts human beings in the prehistoric art. The object is made up of ivory with a height of six centimeters.
From: https://kashgar.com.au/blogs/gods-goddesses/the-hindu-god-ganesh-who-is-this-elephant-headed-deity-anyway
The image represents the Hindu God GANESH, who is the lord of fortunes and prosperity.
Primatologists and paleoanthropologists
Jane Goodall
Retrieved from: https://today.uri.edu/news/jane-goodall-to-headline-uris-fall-2017-honors-colloquium/
Jane was an animal behavior expert, peace messenger in the United Nations and also a conservationist.
Donald Johanson.
Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Johanson
Donald is an American paleoanthropologist known for discovering the Yves Coppens which are the female hominin australopithecine in Ethiopia.
Clark Howell
Clark was a paleoanthropologist, and he was the first to bring the fields of geology, primatology, and ecology to help understand the origin of a human. Howell was a professor at the University of California.
Work cited
Hirche, A. Jimenez, A. Roncancio, ND and Ansorge, H. 2017. Population Density of Aotus cf. lemurinus (Primates: Aotidae) in a Subandean Forest Patch on the Eastern Slopes of the Western Andes, Region of Dapa, Yumbo, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. P4. Available at: http://static1.1.sqspcdn.com/static/f/1200343/27791697/1515005866157/PC31_Hirche_et al_Aotus_Colombian_Andes.pdf?token=BUpS%2FicrIzyYZNfL6V94dnmMSF0%3D
Keil JF. 2018. Human genome project. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/event/Human- Genome-Project
Patterson, R. 2011. Evolution exposed: Earth science. Available at: https://answersingenesis.org/age-of-the-earth/dating-methods/
Riley, EP. and Zak, AA. 2015. The Conservation Impact of the American Society of Primatologists' Conservation Small Grant Program. Available at: http://www.bioone.org/toc/prco/29/1
Scitable by nature education (2012). Primate Conservation: Is the Cup Half Empty or Half Full? https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/primate-conservation-is-the-cup-half- empty-53872551
Strickland, A. 2018. Modern fossil discovery rewrites human history. Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/2018/01/25/health/oldest-modern-human-fossil-israel- intl/index.html
Chial, H. (2008) DNA sequencing technologies key to the Human Genome Project. Nature Education 1(1):219
National human genome research institute, 2016. An Overview of the Human Genome Project.
