The Han Chinese are the largest ethnic group in China and the world. They have a substantial genetic, linguistic and cultural diversity. This diversity is largely due to a long history of regionalized assimilation of other groups and tribes.
Han Chinese (Simplified: ; Traditional: ; pinyin: hán chinese) are an indigenous people of China. They make up about 92 percent of the population of the People's Republic of China and 19 percent of the global human population.
They are mainly divided into the Mandarin Han and Cantonese Han, but also include the Hui and Yunnan Han. Both are spoken in the northern parts of China, and share many cultural characteristics.
In the past, the Han Chinese have had a rich history of myths and stories which are still preserved in their oral tradition. This is reflected in their popular culture and art.
Some of the most famous Han Chinese legends are about their heroes and gods. These stories have helped them survive in a harsh environment and remained influential throughout Chinese history.
Another important aspect of their culture is their religion which has a strong emphasis on Confucianism. This is a philosophy that promotes the idea of harmony and peaceful living. It is also the foundation of Chinese civilization.
It is believed that Confucianism originated in the Han Dynasty and was influenced by the teachings of the ancient Chinese philosopher Laozi. It was introduced by Emperor Gaozu as a counterbalance to the extreme repression of the Qin Dynasty, which had ruled much of China for over three hundred years.
As Gaozu became increasingly influenced by Laozi's teachings, his rule was marked by a great deal of experimentation with the political system. He attempted to strike a balance between the repressive policies of the Qin and the more trusting practices of the Zhou.
He also made a point of opening the Silk Road which opened trade with the West. This boosted the economy and created jobs for the Han.
The Han also invented a variety of common household objects such as the wheelbarrow, compass and adjustable wrench. They were also instrumental in the development of paper.
Their architecture is unique to China and can be admired in the courtyards of Beijing. Other examples are the tulou buildings in Fujian and pavilions in Suzhou.
Some of the oldest Han inscriptions are found on a rock near Guangzhou. These inscriptions date from 214 BCE, the 33rd year of the Qin dynasty.
During the Han dynasty, Chinese script spread to many different parts of the country. Among them, it reached the Jing people in southern Vietnam and the Zhuang people in Guangxi.
It is believed that the Han dynasty is the most ancient dynasty in the world, with its recorded history extending over almost two millennia. It is renowned for its great achievements and its unifying influence in the entire Chinese mainland.
Although the Han dynasty is no longer a sovereign state, it is one of the most important periods in Chinese history and is often referred to as the "Golden Age" of Chinese civilization. During this time, the Han ruled over the majority of the continent of Asia and was comparable in population size and power to the Roman Empire.
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