The Economy of the 13 Colonies

When the British settlers first set foot in America, their goal was to expand their empire and create new opportunities for themselves. They also wanted to counter the Spanish Empire that was threatening their way of life.

The British colonies were established along the Atlantic coast of North America, beginning in 1607 (Virginia) and concluding in 1732 (Georgia). Almost 2.5 million people lived in the 13 colonies by the time of the American Revolution in 1775.

They were located from New York to Maine and Georgia's Altamaha River. They were settled by English explorers, colonialists, and Indigenous peoples, many of whom were brought over as slaves or indentured servants.

While each of the thirteen colonies were unique, they shared some common values, attitudes and institutions. These beliefs and attitudes formed the backdrop for what would eventually become the American Revolution in 1775.

These early colonies - New England, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies - each had their own unique economic activities and characteristics. They were also a mix of races and religions.

New England - fur-trading, fishing, and shipbuilding.
The earliest of the British settlements was founded in Massachusetts by Pilgrims in 1620, and it quickly became one of the most prosperous and diverse of all the colonies. It was a model for all of the other colonies, because it centered on healthy families, religious tolerance, and the idea of self-rule.

In addition to its robust economy, the New England colonies were home to a number of important cities like Boston, Philadelphia and Providence. These towns provided jobs for the growing population and were crucial in maintaining a strong economy.

Middle Colonies - agriculture, lumber and shipbuilding.
The Middle Colonies were the first of the original colonies to develop into industrial centers and urban hubs. They were home to large populations of both white and African-American peoples.

They were also known for their rum production.

During this period, molasses was a significant source of income for the New England and Middle Colonies. It was used for rum, whiskey and brandy production, but it also played an important role in the food industry by providing valuable ingredients for bread and flour.

It was also a key factor in the economy of the South, as it helped to support a large number of slaves.

In contrast to New England and Middle Colonies, the Southern Colonies were more religiously tolerant. They also benefited from more diverse land and a stronger agricultural economy, although their trade with Europe was still primarily through the mercantile system.

They were also a mixture of races and religions, as many Native Americans had moved to the south. This made them a difficult place to live for some settlers, but it also gave them a chance to practice their faith and form their own communities.