Sampson, Robert J. "Family management and child development: Insights from social disorganization theory." Facts, frameworks, and forecasts. Routledge, 2017. 63-94.
Social disorganization theory posits that juvenile delinquency stems from communities that face issues with managing child development factors effectively and thereby suffer from other problems such as child abuse and high infant mortality rates (Sampson, 2017). The research shows that single-parent families have an increased risk of facing these issues and thereby feature prominently in cases involving juvenile delinquency.
Pyrooz, David C., and Gary Sweeten. "Gang membership between ages 5 and 17 years in the United States." Journal of Adolescent Health 56.4 (2015): 414-419.
Using an analysis of data from the 1980-1984 period, Pyrooz and Sweeten (2015) found a strong correlation between single parenthood in low-income environments and the affinity of the youth in these families for joining gangs. The research is instrumental due to its inclusion of an entry and exit analysis that shows that gangs have a turnover rate of over 35% and attract youths during their teens.
Farrington, David P., Maria M. Ttofi, and Alex R. Piquero. "Risk, promotive, and protective factors in youth offending: Results from the Cambridge study in delinquent development." Journal of Criminal Justice 45 (2016): 63-70.
Farrington et al. (2016) argue that parental convictions, a tendency for risky behavior, and high neuroticism increase the chances of delinquent behavior among juveniles. However, the research also introduces a protective aspect since it adds that high intelligence, socioeconomic wellness, and attainment behaviors counter the effects of ineffective child-rearing strategies.
Pardini, Dustin A., Rebecca Waller, and Samuel W. Hawes. "13 Familial Influences on the Development of Serious Conduct Problems and Delinquency." The development of criminal and antisocial behavior. Springer International Publishing, 2015. 201-220.
The article by Pardini et al. (2015) reveals that caregiver characteristics such as substance abuse and problem internalization, family functionality factors such as socioeconomic status and early motherhood, and parenting practices such as inconsistent discipline contribute to antisocial behavior among youth. The outcome introduces an increased awareness of the impact that a child’s familial environment has on the development of delinquent behavior that persists even as the child grows older.
Assink, M., van der Put, C. E., Hoeve, M., de Vries, S. L., Stams, G. J. J., " Oort, F. J. (2015). Risk factors for persistent delinquent behavior among juveniles: A meta-analytic review. Clinical psychology review, 42, 47-61.
Assink et al. (2015) discussed the issue of offending behavior among adolescents and found that sibling behavior has a higher relation to juvenile delinquency compared to mother-child relationships. This research adds value to the debate on the impact of single families on juvenile delinquency by showing that the relationship between these factors changes with the inclusion of sibling elements in the familial environment.
Matza, D., " Sykes, G. M. (2017). Techniques of neutralization: A theory of delinquency. In Delinquency and Drift Revisited, Volume 21 (pp. 33-41). Routledge.
The development of delinquent behavior among juveniles is one of the issues that plague society and Matza and Zykes (2017) highlight that youths learn such behaviors in the same way that they develop their social interaction skills. This contribution adds to the literature on the issue by noting that the lack of effective parental oversight increases the chances of youth delinquency in the absence of a pre-established foundation of socially acceptable behavior.
Criss, M. M., Lee, T. K., Morris, A. S., Cui, L., Bosler, C. D., Shreffler, K. M., " Silk, J. S. (2015). Link between monitoring behavior and adolescent adjustment: An analysis of direct and indirect effects. Journal of child and family studies, 24(3), 668-678.
The literature on the development of juvenile antisocial behavior reveals strong correlations to socialization, with parental involvement and child disclosure predicting delinquency among young offenders (Criss, et al., 2015). However, the research introduces critical data linking parental involvement and youth issues such as educational achievement, drug use, and delinquent behavior.
