The Notch Signaling Pathway
The juxtacrine or contact-mediated signaling pathway between two neighboring cells is used by the Notch Signal Pathway. During the selection of cells' fates and the development of the embryo, this kind of signaling is required (Kopan 2012). The intracellular domain that controls gene expression is released by the notch receptors. Furthermore, the notch signaling, which primarily regulates cell fate and upholds adult tissue homeostasis, is a conserved evolutionary mechanism of multicellular organs.
The Primary Signaling Molecules
The primary signaling molecules are those that are present in the plasma membrane of the receptor proteins and signaling cells. The administered receptor is then transported to the plasma membrane for ligand obligatory (Kopan & Ilagan 2009). The signaling cascades involve a complicated sequence of proteins that help in the passage or transfer of the message from the outer side of the cells to the nucleus.
The Notch Receptors
The Notch receptors are mainly single-pass transmembrane protein tissues that are mostly composed of functional transmembrane, extracellular and intracellular domains. Moreover, for most various forms of signal-activated cell receptors and the removal of extracellular domain mostly results in distorted receptors that are forever dynamic (Guo et al. 2017). The facilitate the transfer of messages through the plasma membrane to take place efficiently, by the use of the transmembrane, extracellular, and intracellular domains.
The Location of the Receptor
The receptor is a cell surface and interacts with the ligand an intracellular domain which is cleaved and therefore travels to the nucleus of the plasma membrane to regulate the process of transcription. Therefore, the notch recapture is located on both the cell-surface and intercellular. This is because it is made up of the functional transmembrane, extracellular, and intracellular domains (Kopan 2012). The location of the receptor on the cell surface and intracellular facilitates the passage of information. The intracellular receptor is located in the cytoplasm.
A Description of the Signal Transduction Pathway
Signal transduction pathway is the spread of molecular signals from the exterior side of the cell to the interior of the cell. The signals that are received by the cells are therefore communicated to the other cell effectively to ensure that there is a suitable response. Moreover, the process is initiated by the cell-surface receptors that enable transmission of the information to the nucleus of the cell (Kopan & Ilagan 2009). Further, three main stages are involved in the process and thy include reception, transduction, and response. The reception includes cell detection of the signaling molecules that are present in the exogenous environment.
The Effector Protein
The effector protein regulates the biological activity of a molecule. This enables the effector protein to act as a ligand and increase or decrease enzyme activity, cell signaling, and gene expression (Kopan 2012). The G-protein work correctly in the signaling process and enables the transfer of information across the cell to take place effectively and efficiently.
Change in Cell Behavior
The Notch-signaling pathway enables the cells to communicate with each other and conveying genetic and spatial information to the development of the animal (Kopan & Ilagan 2009). Different cells respond differently were one sends a signal to the other cell, and the cell reacts to the information.
Whether the Response is Fast or Slow
The response between cells in the notch signaling process takes place a fast and slow downstream respond with the help of the ligand and the receptors (Guo et al. 2017).
References
Guo, D. M., Li, B. B., Li, C. P., & Teng, Q. L. (2017). Research Progress on Notch Signal Pathway in Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease-Review. Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi, 25(1), 291.
Kopan, R. (2012). Notch Signaling. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 4(10), a011213. http://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a011213
Kopan, R., & Ilagan, M. X. G. (2009). The Canonical Notch Signaling Pathway: Unfolding the Activation Mechanism. Cell, 137(2), 216–233. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.03.045
