Pacifism is a movement for social and political change that opposes war.
Its roots are in the late 19th century and can be traced back to the founding of the Woman's Peace Party by noted reformer Jane Addams. Other prominent groups that promote pacifism include the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace, American Union Against Militarism, Fellowship of Reconciliation, and the American Friends Service Committee. In the early twentieth century, women began to enter elected offices and fight for a more peaceful world. One of the first women elected to Congress was Jeannette Rankin, who was a vocal pacifist and voted against the entry of the United States into both World Wars.
Historical roots of pacifism
The Historical Roots of Pacifism examines the history of pacifism and its spread throughout Europe, including through the nonconformist religious movement. One of the first prominent pacifists was Leo Tolstoi, who advocated nonviolent action against primary social injustices.Although pacifism was not widely practiced in the United States until the late 1930s, pacifist ideas were still widely practiced, and the Peace Churches maintained their commitment to a world without war. However, without any actual wars, these beliefs were likely to wane. Despite this, peace interests continued to find expression through increased awareness of the importance of strengthened international safeguards. In addition, nonviolent means of conflict resolution such as arbitration and mediation became increasingly important to people who opposed war.
The rise of pacifism in the United States
The rise of pacifism in the United States was also aided by a number of peace organizations. In 1915, the Woman's Peace Party was formed, led by noted reformer Jane Addams, and soon after, the American Union Against Militarism, Fellowship of Reconciliation, and the American Friends Service Committee were formed. In 1921, Jeannette Rankin became the first woman to be elected to the House of Representatives, and she was a passionate pacifist who voted against the United States' entry into both wars.
Characteristics of pacifism
Pacifism is a philosophy that emphasizes the prevention of violence and war. It is often defined in terms of Christian pacifism, pacifist Christian denominations, or modern developments of sectarian ideas. The concept is often reflected in works of philosophers like Erasmus, Rousseau, and Jane Addams. Despite differences in terminology and definition, pacifists generally hold the ethic of nonviolence.Another important characteristic of pacifism is its morality. Some pacifists reject the use of force, arguing that it is a violation of morality. Others accept the use of force to protect civilians from violent individuals. In such a situation, the pacifist must weigh the morality of political sovereignty.
Pacifism as an ethical philosophy
Pacifism is an ethical philosophy that tries to protect the rights of all people and to live without war. It promotes non-violence, and claims that the pursuit of peace does not violate human rights. There are several varieties of pacifism, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. The two main pacifist schools are deontological and consequentialist.
