An organization's or the government's health policies in relation to the vaccination process are referred to as vaccination or immunization policy. Varied nations and communities have different vaccination policies, and the measures taken by each state or other entity rely on the available funds and the importance of the immunizations. As part of the medical or disease control system, vaccines are typically free in certain states and required in others. Some governments cover all or a portion of the expense of the public vaccination process. The public and social attitudes on immunization in the United States and other nations are very different from those in the rest of the globe; the policies often depend on the public, social, and political factors.
The United State's vaccination policies
The United State's vaccination policies are based on the paradigm of individualism; this is a situation where the immunization process is done according to the individual accomplishment and reliance, devoid of direction or assistance from the federal or state government (Akinsanya-Beysolow et al. 2013). In the U.S, the vaccinations procedures are incorporated in schools and daycare regulations, this is important in targeting a large number of children across the states. The introduction of immunizations laws in schools has significantly increased vaccination rates. In America, the government encourages the public good of vaccinations through the formulation of legislation. According to the legislation, when children are born, they should face frequent immunizations which should add up to twenty-eight at the age of two (Williams et al., 2015). There are several vaccination schedules for adolescence, children as well as adults depending on the scientific evidence and the need of reducing infectious diseases.
Social policies in the United States
According to the social policies, especially in schools, daycare immunization requires "safety nets" for children incapable of receiving the suggested immunizations. In the United States, the department of health mandates the public health officer with the duties of changing the health requirements based on the prevalence of diseases. Both the public and social policies are controlled by the department of health. Additionally, the social policies may include the introduction of a specific vaccine in a given area based on the nature of infections of specific diseases.
Vaccination policies in the United Kingdom
In the rest of the world, especially in the United Kingdom, the immunization policies are paradoxical; the government does not enforce laws to curb the infectious diseases. In the UK, the immunization procedures depend on the individual's sense of responsibility or the society to encourage the health outcomes. In the United Kingdom, the government is more concerned with the vaccine safety (Donegan, King & Bryan, 2014). The purchase of vaccine in the United Kingdom solely follows strict government policies; there is no individual purchase, but a central purchase system where safety is adequately observed.
Vaccination policies in Germany
In Germany, new vaccination policies require every parent to submit the vaccination report to the health authority; this would mean that every child ought to be covered in the immunization process (Mereckiene et al., 2014). On the other hand, the entire population should be vaccinated to prevent the spread of measles which is a major infectious disease in the country.
Vaccination policies in Italy
In Italy, the vaccination for the school attendance is essential; this is mainly done to terminate the spread of major infectious disease in the country. Children are not allowed to attend school without undergoing immunization. The policies from different countries also entail public awareness on the breakout of diseases and the necessary interventions that need to be undertaken.
References
Donegan, K., King, B., & Bryan, P. (2014). Safety of pertussis vaccination in pregnant women in UK: observational study. Bmj, 349, g4219.
Mereckiene, J., Cotter, S., Nicoll, A., Lopalco, P., Noori, T., Weber, J. T., … & Valentiner-Branth, P. (2014). Seasonal influenza immunisation in Europe. Overview of recommendations and vaccination coverage for three seasons: pre-pandemic (2008/09), pandemic (2009/10) and post-pandemic (2010/11).
Akinsanya-Beysolow, I., Bridges, C. B., Coyne-Beasley, T., Jenkins, R., Meissner, H. C., & Woods, L. (2013). Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Recommended Immunization Schedules for Persons Aged 0 Through 18 Years and Adults Aged 19 Years and Older–United States, 2013. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Williams, W. W., Lu, P. J., O’Halloran, A., Bridges, C. B., Kim, D. K., Pilishvili, T., … & Markowitz, L. E. (2015). Vaccination coverage among adults, excluding influenza vaccination-United States, 2013. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 64(4), 95-102.
