leading cause of death in Australia

Major Health Statistics in Australia and Cambodia


According to a 2016 research by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), coronary heart disease is the top cause of mortality in Australia, followed by dementia and Alzheimer disease (AIHW, 2016a). Another assessment on the leading causes of illness in Australia ranks chronic diseases first, followed by cancer and cardiovascular disease (AIHW, 2016b). In 2016, life expectancy in Australia reached an all-time high of 80.4 years for men and 84.5 years for women (AIHW, 2016). According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, infant mortality rates are at 3.2 deaths per 1000 live births (ABS, 2015). According to world health rankings, the leading cause of death in Australia is coronary heart disease followed by dementia and Alzheimer disease (AIHW, 2016a). Another report on the major causes of illness in Australia ranks chronic diseases as the major cause of ill health followed by cancer and cardiovascular diseases (AIHW, 2016b). In 2016, life expectancy in Australia rose to its highest at 80.4 for male and 84.5 for females (AIHW, 2016). A report by the Australian Bureau of Statistics indicates that infant mortality rates are at 3.2 infant deaths per 1000 live births (ABS, 2015). According to world health rankings, the leading cause of death in Cambodia is coronary heart disease followed by tuberculosis and stroke (LeDuc Media, 2016). The primary conditions affecting Cambodian population include Malaria, HIV/AIDS, and Tuberculosis (Borgen Project, 2017). In comparison to Australia, life expectancy in Cambodia is lower at 62.04 male and 67.09 female and continues to decrease compared to previous years (Canty Media, 2016). Infant mortality rates are also very high at 48.70 deaths per 1000 births (indexmundi, 2016).


Differences in Health Factors


As indicated above, there is a significant difference between Cambodia and Australia regarding major death causes, illness, life expectancy, and infant mortality rates. The main reason for the diseases is based on the fact that Australia is a high-income country and Cambodia a low-income country (Borgen Project, 2017). Therefore, factors evident in Cambodia such as extreme income inequality and high malnutrition rates that are not evident in Australia contribute to the difference. Also, the health systems in the low-income country are faced with several challenges including inadequate infrastructure which inhibits the efforts for disease alleviation (Borgen Project, 2017).


Communicable Diseases and Environmental Factors


Further, Cambodia residents suffer from common communicable diseases which may not be evident in Australia due to the differences in living standards. For instance, the extreme poverty levels in Cambodia increases the threat of diseases brought about by environmental factors (Borgen Project, 2017). For example, tuberculosis is both one of the leading causes of sickness and death in the country. The Cambodian government through the help of USAID and WHO is making tremendous progress in the attempt to cure the disease. WHO has come up with various grassroots programs making TB treatment free and accessible which for the past ten years has halved TB prevalence in the country (Borgen Project, 2017). Preventative measures which mostly include community awareness on tuberculosis are another factor that has made the fight against TB prevalence possible. The disease, however, remains among the top death causes in the country as therefore; there is a need for more active measures to look into disease prevention.

References


ABS. (2015). INFANT DEATHS. Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/Latestproducts/3302.0Main Features52015?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=3302.0&issue=2015&num=&view=


AIHW. (2016). Leading causes of death. Retrieved from http://www.aihw.gov.au/deaths/leading-causes-of-death/


AIHW. (2016). Leading causes of ill health. Retrieved from http://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2016/ill-health/


AIHW. (2016). Life expectancy. Retrieved from http://www.aihw.gov.au/deaths/life-expectancy/


Borgen Project. (2017). Top Diseases in Cambodia.


Canty Media. (2016). Cambodia. Retrieved from http://www.geoba.se/country.php?cc=KH&year=2016


indexmundi. (2016). Cambodia Infant mortality rate. Retrieved from http://www.indexmundi.com/cambodia/infant_mortality_rate.html


LeDuc Media. (2016). HEALTH PROFILE : Cambodia. Retrieved from http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/country-health-profile/cambodia

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