The study issue is, "How many people walk on campus's sidewalks versus the grass?" It is an inductive study because it is concerned with observing people's natural habits and drawing hypotheses about how nature functions. Walking on the streets and on the lawn is governed by rationality and authority. There are rules and signage advising students on campus not to step on the lawn and instead to use the pavement. As a result, the testing approaches used to observe these patterns would be inductive. The study's premise is that everybody on campus walks on the sidewalk. The dependent variable of the research is the sidewalk and the grass while the independent variables are the campus students.
Operational definition of a sidewalk and grass: sidewalk is when an individual uses the paved path or pavement to walk from one place to the other while grass is when a person ignores the paved path and instead steps on grass while going to their area of destination. Observation is the main method used in the research. A tracking document will be used as a measurement tool to gauge the level of performance of the research.
All the participants were grouped into two main categories. These categories are the male and female. They will then be classified according to their years of study. Thus, results of the observation will be recorded for the freshman, sophomore and the subsequent years of study. The measure of reliability for the research will be the test-retest reliability. This will entail administering the same test twice over a period of time to a particular group of people so as to determine the results. The results of the research will then be correlated so as to ascertain the stability of the observation results over a given period of time. To measure the validity of the research, will utilize the method of sampling validity which is more or less the same as content validity. This method will ensure that the research covers a broad range of areas within the concept of the study. Since the population is large for an entire campus, the sampling process from all domains to ensure that comprehensive results for the research is recorded.
15.75% of the total number of participants observed (n=30) revealed that these number of individuals used the sidewalk. The results show that the hypothesis that all people use the sidewalk is incorrect. The limitations of the research occurred from the sampling process hence affecting the results of the observation process. It was difficult to identify the years of study of the students by observing them while walking from one place to the other in the compound of the campus. Hence, the results according to the observation method are not entirely accurate because of the hindrance to identify the students according to the years of study.
Observation track record
Names of researchers:
Date:
Time duration of observation: Four days
# of participants observed (30 is a good minimum amount):
Research Question: The research question is how many people walk on the sidewalk versus the grass on campus?
Population being studied: Campus students
Hypothesis: All people walk on the sidewalk on campus.
Independent and Dependent variables: The dependent variable of the research is the sidewalk and the grass while the independent variables are the campus students.
Operational definition: Sidewalk is when an individual uses the paved path or pavement to walk from one place to the other while grass is when a person ignores the paved path and instead steps on grass while going to their area of destination.
Participants
Variables being observed
(number of occurrences)
Grass
Sidewalk
Student no. 1
2
2
Student no. 2
0
4
Student no. 3
1
3
Student no. 4
4
0
Student no. 5
3
1
Student no. 6
2
2
Student no. 7
0
4
Student no. 8
0
4
Student no. 9
1
3
Student no. 10
2
2
Student no. 11
1
3
Student no. 12
0
4
Student no. 13
3
1
Student no. 14
4
0
Student no. 15
4
0
Student no. 16
4
0
Student no. 17
1
3
Student no. 18
2
2
Student no. 19
2
2
Student no. 20
4
0
Student no. 21
1
3
Student no. 22
1
3
Student no. 23
3
1
Student no. 24
3
1
Student no. 25
2
2
Student no. 26
2
2
Student no. 27
4
0
Student no. 28
0
4
Student no. 29
0
4
Student no. 30
1
3
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